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string

Handling strings

string is a built-in type that represents a sequence of characters.

Text enclosed in double quotation marks, such as "Vket Cloud", are treated as string type.

string internally stores string data as UTF-8 bytes. Use the Length() method to get the length as a string, or LengthByte() to get the number of bytes itself.

Mutable strings

HeliScript strings are mutable. You can rewrite the contents of the string by specifying the index with "[]" or by methods such as Append().

Note

In the current version, if a string includes an apostrophe / single quote (' ' , U+0027), the process will stop due to error.
Therefore, please avoid using the quotation within strings.

string methods

ToInt()

public int ToInt()

Convert a string to an integer value. Returns 0 if the conversion fails.

ToFloat()

public float ToFloat()

Convert a string to a float value. Returns 0 if the conversion fails.

Length()

public int Length()

Returns the length of the string.

LengthByte()

public int LengthByte()

Returns the number of bytes in a UTF-8 array representing a string.

IsEmpty()

public bool IsEmpty()

Returns true if the string is empty, false otherwise.

IndexOf(string)

public int IndexOf(string value)

Searches for the string specified by the argument and returns the position of the first occurrence of the string if found. Returns -1 if the searched character is not found.

SubString(int, int)

public string SubString(int startIndex, int length)

Generates a substring given a starting position and length in a string.

Append(int)

public void Append(int value)

Appends the characters specified by the arguments to the end of the current string.

RemoveLast()

public void RemoveLast()

Removes the last character of a string.

RemoveAt(int)

public void RemoveAt(int index)

Deletes one character from the position specified by the argument.

Split()

public list<string> Split()

Splits a string by "whitespace characters" and returns the result as a list of strings.

The following characters are considered "whitespace characters":

  • Space (0x20, ' ')
  • Form feed (0x0c, '\f')
  • Line feed (0x0a, '\n')
  • Carriage return (0x0d, '\r')
  • Horizontal tab (0x09, '\t')
  • Vertical tab (0x0b, '\v')

Split(int)

public list<string> Split(int opt)

Splits a string by whitespace characters and returns the result as a list of strings.

You can pass an option value as an argument to modify the behavior during splitting.

Split(string)

list<string> Split(string separator)

Splits a string by the specified separator and returns the result as a list of strings.

Split(string, int)

list<string> Split(string separator, int opt)

Splits a string by the specified separator and returns the result as a list of strings.

You can pass an option value (opt) as an argument to modify the behavior during splitting.

Split Options

SplitOpt_None

const int SplitOpt_None = 0;

No special behavior is applied.

SplitOpt_RemoveEmpty

const int SplitOpt_RemoveEmpty = 1;

If the strings contain whitespace characters after splitting, they are discarded.

SplitOpt_Trim

const int SplitOpt_Trim = 2;

Trims existing whitespace characters on before and after the split strings.

SplitOpt_RemoveAll

const int SplitOpt_RemoveAll = SplitOpt_RemoveEmpty | SplitOpt_Trim;

A combination of the SplitOpt_RemoveEmpty and SplitOpt_Trim options.

special operators

[ ] operator

Gets the character at the specified position in the string as an int value. Assignment to the specified position is also possible.

string text = "Hello!";

// get 'H'
int part = text[0];

// Rewrite "Hello!" to "Hello?"
text[text.Length() - 1] = '?';

+ operator

Concatenate strings to produce a new string.

string text = "Vket";

// create "VketCloud"
string vketcloud = text + "Cloud";

// replace the string itself with the += operator
text += "Cloud";

% operator

Generates a new string by applying various types of values given as arguments to a template string that follows a certain format.

It is also possible to convert numbers to strings, as in the sample code below.

int n;
string s;

s = "%d" %n;

Place format specifier character starting from "%" inside the string to apply the arguments of % operators in its order.

  • %d
    • is a format specifier that represents an integer value.
  • %f
    • is a format specifier that represents a floating-point number.
  • %s
    • is a format specifier that represents a string.
// 1 + 1 = 2
int answer = 2;
hsSystemOutput("1 + 1 = %d\n" % answer);

// VketCloud hello world!
string hello  = "hello world!";
hsSystemOutput("VketCloud %s\n" % hello);

// "int value = myArray[99];"
hsSystemOutput("int %s = %s[%d];\n" % "value" % "myArray" % 99);